Thursday, January 31, 2013

Christianity – Is it a “Knock off” of Other Religions?



The Assumption
Among some critics of Christianity is the notion reflected in the following statement.  “Mithraism is but the most striking example of the appearance of these myths and ceremonies prior to the advent of Christianity. They appear—in more scattered form—in many other pre-Christian religions.”
Statement found in pamphlet referenced below in Background Section
To begin with a question or two is in order.  Is there another religion besides Christianity that has been charged with importing its ideas and doctrines of from another religion?  Is there another that has been the object of such criticism?   The only other religion with which Christianity has such a relationship is Judaism.
A little research will reveal that the religion of Mithras found its origin in ancient Persia.  That being said, it occupied a minor position and thus though considered to be the god of light and wisdom it was largely unknown until popularized some years later. 
The assumption that what can be known of early Mithraism leads one directly to the prophecies about the coming Christ and therefore the Christ has no legitimate foundation except in the thinking of those who seek to criticize and discredit Christianity. 
Consider the following.
One insurmountable difficulty confronts the student of the Mithraic mysteries. For the Eastern form of Mithraism practically nothing except documentary evidence exists, whereas the Mithras of the Roman world is known to us almost exclusively from non-literary sources. That brilliant scholar, Franz Cumont, who died in 1947, has neatly summed up the position in his Die Mysterien des Mithra: 'It is,' he writes, 'as if it were only possible to study Christianity through the Old Testament and the mediaeval cathedrals.' Because of this great gap, the story of Mithras is bound to be incomplete and distorted, and those who wish to read it must wait for and assimilate the fresh discoveries which are made year by year.
Quote available at http://www.farvardyn.com/mithras.php
However, even if one calls into question this quotation, there are still serious problems with the idea of this religion giving rise to Christianity and the beliefs thereof.  A simple but honest review of the Jewish Scriptures (the Old Testament) and the dating thereof will lead to a much different conclusion.
At question are the dates of the prophecies of the coming Christ.  Such calls into question the whole presupposition necessary for the opening statement to be true.
Dating Backgrounds
The Persian Empire came to power sometime around 538 BC and would remain in power for about 200 years until conquered by Greece in 331 BC.  Then of course Rome conquered Greece in 323 BC.  The territories involved extended east to include the former Persian Empire.  The belief in Mithras was imported by Rome it occupied little importance in the religious landscape until it suddenly appeared in the 2nd Century AD. 
Information found at http://www.religionfacts.com/greco-roman/sects/mithraism.htm
The article continues as follows.
The time period in which Mithraism flourished is better known, thanks to the archaeological evidence. The cult of Mithras appears suddenly in the 2nd century AD - hundreds of inscriptions begin appearing after 136 AD. It then died out with the rest of Greco-Roman paganism after the conversion of Constantine in the 4th century. Its sudden emergence in the Roman world has not been explained. According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica,
The most plausible hypothesis seems to be that Roman Mithraism was practically a new creation, wrought by a religious genius who may have lived as late as c. AD 100 and who gave the old traditional Persian ceremonies a new Platonic interpretation that enabled Mithraism to become acceptable to the Roman world.
Ibid
To suggest that Mithraism is the foundation of Christianity is to play fast and loose with the dates of both religions.  Even if one accepts the premise based upon an early dating of Mithras even that does not line up with the prophecies of the coming Christ.  In other words, the prophecies predate the Persian Empire. 
Messianic Prophecies Don’t Line Up With Assumption
Reference is now made to the dating of many of those prophecies.
Moses:  The earliest prophecies of what would turn out to be the Christ are found in the writing of Moses.  His writings (Genesis through Deuteronomy) are dated some 900 years before the Persian Empire around 1450 BC. 
The Psalms:  Another place in the Old Testament that a number of prophecies are found is in the collection of Psalms one of which was written by Moses, others by King David and his contemporaries, and still others later.  Generally it is believed that the Psalms were collected sometime in the 10th Century BC.  That would place those prophecies some 500 years before the Persian Empire.
Isaiah:  Perhaps the most referenced book of the Bible when it comes of prophecies of the coming Messiah is that of Isaiah.  Written sometime around 700 BC, it too predates the Persian Empire by as much as 200 years.
There would be others who wrote of the coming Messiah.  The prophet Micah was a contemporary of Isaiah and wrote in the same time period.  Zechariah wrote just after the Persian Empire came to power, however, there is no evidence that he used source material and in fact the purist and exclusive mind set of the Jewish people would have precluded his doing so.
Discounting the Supernatural
The Bible is clear that there are certain parts of man which are “hard wired” into his believing int here being something beyond himself and beyond the material world.  For example the Bible speaks of eternity being in the heart of man (Ecclesiastes 3:11).  As well the Apostle Paul writes to the Roman Christians that there are two witnesses to there being God, one is a witness in the inner being of man and the other is seen in Creation. 
When one factors in that 83% of the world’s population believe that there is some form of supernatural, just on sheer evidence alone one must allow for the possibility of Christianity being valid.  However, those who refuse to accept there being a supernatural element to life as we know it must work hard to support their position.
Background
To see the list of subjects to be discussed in this series see my blog (Christianity – Is it a Faith Driven by Fear? http://alviesthots.blogspot.com/2012/11/christianity-is-it-faith-driven-by-fear.html).  Contained within that blog is a reference, 20 Reasons to Abandon Christianity and in that reference is a list which is the springboard from which this subject has been discussed.






No comments:

Post a Comment